Full backup
Full backup is process of backing up ALL data.
First step towards all other types of backup
Backup time will be longer
Restore operation takes less time

Differential backup
Differential backup is the process of backing up data that has changed since the last FULL backup.
Requires file maintenance as the backup file will be of similar size or larger than its previous backup
Longer backup time than incremental backup
Faster restoration than incremental backup

Incremental backup
Incremental backup is the process of backing up data that has changed since the last Full, Incremental or Differential backup
Takes lesser backup time as it will have small data to archive
Takes longer restoration time

Mirror backup
Mirror backup is similar to full backup and is a direct copy of the files/folders
Files are not compressed in zip files and are not protected with password. They remain the mirror or exact copy of the source.